Lot 509 An extremely rare Yaozhou celadon-glazed 'makara' wine vessel, Five dynasties | 五代 耀州窰摩羯形酒船

An extremely rare Yaozhou celadon-glazed 'makara' wine vessel, Five dynasties | 五代 耀州窰摩羯形酒船

HKD 3,000,000

3,000,000 - 6,000,000 HKD

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An extremely rare Yaozhou celadon-glazed 'makara' wine vessel
Five dynasties
五代 耀州窰摩羯形酒船
The dating of this lot is consistent with the results of Oxford Authentication Ltd. thermoluminescence test no. P126n49, dated 18th September 2026.
本拍品經牛津熱釋光檢測編號P126n49（報告日期：2026年9月18日），結果與其斷代相符。
l. 16.8 cm
来源：Wing Cheong Hong, Hong Kong, acquired between 1983-1988 (by repute).
來源：
據藏家，1983-1988年購於香港永昌行
图录
说明：Exquisitely potted with a fine, pale grey body, the present vessel is enveloped in a serene, pale bluish-green (dongqing) glaze. Early Japanese scholars historically attributed celadons with this distinctive dongqing glaze to the so-called ‘Dong ware’ (Eastern Kilns); however, recent scholarship firmly identifies them as early products of the Yaozhou kilns, dating from the Five Dynasties to the early Northern Song period. This warm and lustrous tone stands in stark contrast to the olive or yellowish-green glazes typical of later coal-fired Yaozhou wares. Extant Yaozhou pieces featuring this dongqing glaze are exceedingly rare, suggesting they were premium wares of their time. Indeed, the exquisite glaze closely approaches that of the celebrated Ru wares, perhaps representing an early attempt to emulate them.
Equally remarkable is the vessel's striking Makara form, a hallmark of this early period that virtually disappeared in later dynasties. The present vessel appears to be one of only two surviving Yaozhou Makara wine boats. The other known example, a closely related Five Dynasties Yaozhou vessel preserved in the Liaoning Provincial Museum, is illustrated in Zhongguo chutu ciqi quanji [Complete Collection of Unearthed Porcelain in China], Beijing, 2008, vol. 2, no. 50. This distinctive shape finds its roots in Yue ware prototypes, from which early Yaozhou potters drew heavy inspiration. Compare three Five Dynasties Yue celadon Makara-shaped wine boats, such as one in the Zhejiang Provincial Museum, another exhibited at the China National Silk Museum (unpublished), and a further example recovered from the Cirebon shipwreck in Indonesia, illustrated in Zhongguo Yueyao ci [Chinese Yue Wares], vol. 2, pl. 37.
The broader connection between Yaozhou and Yue kilns was well-documented historically. The Southern Song poet Lu You noted in his Laoxue'an biji [Notes from the Hall of Learned Old Age] that Yaozhou celadons were often referred to as ‘Yue wares’ due to their resemblance to the mise (‘secret colour’) wares of Yuyao county. While the more common yellowish-green Yaozhou wares show a direct affinity with these Yue prototypes, the present lot distinguishes itself through its exceptional dongqing tone. Compare this distinctive glaze and fine paste with an 11th-century Yaozhou ewer carved with peony and phoenix motifs in the Musée Guimet, Paris, illustrated in Sekai toji zenshu [Ceramic Art of the World], Tokyo, 1977, vol. 12, p. 54. See also a Yaozhou ewer, formerly in the Okada Museum Collection, recently sold at these rooms, 4 September 2026, lot 2011.
此類冬青色青釉的產地，日本學界早年稱之為東窯，實為五代至北宋早期之耀州。其胎色灰白，胎骨細膩，冬青釉色，與後世煤燒之黃綠色相比，更為溫潤沉靜，而這一時期的器型，後世也不復見，如本件之摩羯形。此類冬青釉耀州作品存世量遠遠少於青黃釉作品，故而可以推斷當為耀州當時之較高級產品，其釉色更近汝窯，或為仿汝之作。遼寧省博物館藏一件五代青瓷摩羯形酒船與本品極似，與本件一起為或為存世僅有的兩件耀州摩羯酒船，見《中國出土瓷器全集》，北京，2008年，卷2，編號50。
而青黃釉者，則更為接近越窰作品，正如陸遊在《老學庵筆記》中記載：「耀州出青瓷，謂之『越器』，似以其類餘姚縣秘色也。」耀州窯除了釉色仿越，器型也多有借鑒，本件之器型便可參考浙江省博物館藏一件五代越窰青瓷摩羯形酒船，及中國絲綢博物館展出一件越窰摩羯形酒船，其器型與本件頗有淵源，惟僅展出，並未出版。印尼井里汶沉船出水一件五代越窰摩羯形酒船亦屬同類，見《中國越窰瓷》，下卷，圖37。
本件之釉色及胎骨可參考巴黎吉美美術館藏一件十一世紀之青釉牡丹鳳凰紋水注，見《世界陶磁全集》，東京，1977年，卷12，頁54。亦可參考香港蘇富比售出岡田博物館舊藏一件耀州窯執壺，當屬同一窰口，2026年9月4日，編號2011。