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Neolithic period to Qing Dynasty
All of circular shape with a central aperture, some with plain surface, while others variously carved with chi dragons, stylised lotus leaves, twisted rope motifs, and wuzhu characters; the stone in tones ranging from white, pale green, green, to reddish brown and russet. The largest: 3.3cm (1 1/4in) high. (23).
Footnotes
新石器時代至清 玉璧及扳指一組
See a related jade bi disc, 5.4cm diam., Songhua-Amur region, Neolithic period, in the collection of the Palace Museum, Taipei, illustrated in Select Jade in the Palace Museum: The Spirit of Jade, I (故宮玉器精選全集:玉之靈 I), Taipei, 2019, p.280.
Compare the floral-shaped jade ring carved with stylised lotus leaves with a white jade ring of similar form, Song dynasty, in the Qing Court collection, the Palace Museum, Beijing, illustrated in Compendium of Collections in the Palace Museum: Jade 5, Beijing, 2011, pl.218.